WBFSH and Hartpury University Collaboration on the Welfare Project enters Phase II

Breeding

WBFSH

-- WBFSH press release

Equine welfare is under increasing public scrutiny resulting in continuing pressure to improve welfare standards within the equestrian industry. To date, the public’s principal concerns relate to the safety and treatment of the horse within equestrian competitions, as these are more visible and often attract significant media coverage. Breeding is a key component of the global equine community.

Welfare Project

In 2022, the World Breeding Federation of Sports Horses (WBFSH), estimated that 1.52 million sports horses were involved in the breeding industry across the breeding life cycle (Holder-Vale and Hart, 2023). The WBFSH unanimously agreed at their 2023 General Assembly that the Federation would take the lead to generate evidence that could help determine how sport horse breeding influences the quality of life of horses (WBFSH, 2023). The WBFSH commissioned an initial project in 2024, working with Hartpury University to produce a contemporary evidence-informed welfare policy document that the organisation could develop to support WBFSH activities and inform SLO in the breeding sector in consultation with industry stakeholders.

Initial interviews with WBFSH members identified three themes: selection of breeding stock, breeding stock management, and foal and youngstock management that informed a subsequent systematic review of published peer-reviewed literature and relevant equestrian grey literature. Across all three management areas reviewed, consideration of horse welfare needs was limited within research study designs with published papers tending to focus on the execution or efficacy of specific techniques and practices, or on health and disease outcomes rather than applying a more holistic evaluation of how the welfare of horses was impacted. In general, current welfare guidelines recommended best practice within a broader welfare context but lacked specific detail or described options to implement these measures.

The results identified that increased evidence to understand current practices combined with a greater connection between the breeding and competitive stages of a sport horse’s life alongside educational support were required to inform practice that generated a sustainable approach to sport horse management that prioritises providing horses with a good life across the different stages of their careers.

Enhancing traceability, transparency and equine welfare in sport horse breeding using assisted reproductive techniques

As part of their ongoing commitment to supporting evidence-informed approaches in sport horse breeding that prioritise a good life for the horses involved, the WBFSH are funding a PhD with Hartpury University. This PhD focuses on a key aspect of sport horse breeding: Assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs). Approaches to ART application, management and regulation vary across breeds, different countries and WBFSH members. ARTs were identified through the systematic review and in consultation with industry stakeholders as an area where existing traceability, transparency and welfare implications could be improved.

This programme of study will apply a holistic approach working with WBFSH and industry stakeholders to focus on understanding existing practice across the equine breeding sector to generate a profile of current practice, to understand cultural differences and influences underpinning ART use globally and to evaluate their implications to horse welfare. The results will inform good practice guidance and support future WBFSH education initiatives in this area.

“The WBFSH is delighted to see this welfare project move into its next phase. The project plays a key role in strengthening our commitment to horse welfare in the breeding sector. Ensuring the wellbeing of horses must remain central to everything we do, especially as awareness and expectations around welfare continue to increase," said WBFSH's Nadine Brandtner.

Programme of the Study

Study 1

Studbook perspective. An initial survey will gather information on current practice in ART use across WBFSH member studbooks to catalogue the scale and scope of ARTs used, alignment to horse registrations and to generate a profile of global use and acceptance of ARTs across different horse breeds. This information will inform a series of focus groups, hopefully taking place at the WBFSH General Assembly, which will take a deeper dive across representative studbook members to understand cultural and management drivers and strategic approaches that underpin ART acceptance and policy (Year 1).

Study 2

Stud / Breeder perspective. The next stage will be to understand ART use across breeders and studs. An initial survey aims to gather information to build a profile of ART use and scale across studs to complement the studbook profile from study 1. Building on this, to help understand the practicalities, opportunities and challenges in breeding using ARTs, and to gain a deeper understanding of how studs manage horse welfare when using these techniques, a series of semi-structured interviews will take place. We will recruit breeders to gain a better understanding of the management of traceability of ART records, registration and what cultural, practical and management differences inform practice across breeds and countries (Year 2).

Study 3

This stage aims to take the information gained to date and engage in a Delphi consultation across WBFSH members and industry experts to generate consensus or agreement on what should constitute best practice in the use of ARTs and the management of horse welfare when breeding using these techniques (Year 3).

Project Outcome

The final outcome of the project will bring together the work undertaken to date to generate a system which can provide a holistic measure of horse welfare, that will be made available to WBFSH members to support their practice and which will inform WBFSH education and evaluation of stud / studbook practice relating to ARTs (Years 3 and 4).